05-GUI编程

GUI编程

组件：

• 窗口

• 弹窗

• 面板

• 文本框

• 列表框

• 按钮

• 图片

• 监听事件

• 鼠标事件

• 键盘事件

1.简介

Gui的核心技术:Swing AWT

1.界面不美观.

2.需要jre环境

为什么要学习

1.写出小工具

2.维护swing界面

3.了解MVC架构，了解监听

2.AWT

2.1AWT介绍

1. 包含了很多类和接口！GUI！

2. 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

3. java.awt
   

2.2组件和容器

1.Frame

//GUI第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame ,Jdk
        Frame frame = new Frame("java图像界面窗口");


        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(203, 60, 60));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

        //设置窗口关闭
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

尝试回顾封装

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,100,100,new Color(152, 43, 43));
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(200,100,100,100,new Color(79, 43, 152));
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,200,100,100,new Color(224, 18, 127));
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(200,200,100,100,new Color(63, 152, 43));

    }

}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int count = 0;
    public MyFrame(int x , int y,int w, int h,Color color){
        super("myFrane" + (++count));
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setBackground(color);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2.面板Panel

public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();


        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(200,200,200,200);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(188, 21, 206));

        //panel设置坐标
        panel.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        panel.setBackground(Color.blue);

        //frame.add
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭 system.exit(0);
        //适配器模式:
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

3.布局管理器

• 流式布局
• 东西南北中
• 表格布局

1. 流式布局

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置流式布局
      //  frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
      //  frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
      //  frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //添加按钮
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置关闭
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2. 东西南北中

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();


        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);


        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

3. 表格布局

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,0));

        frame.setBounds(100,100,400,400);

        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

4.事件监听

事件监听

按钮

//监听事件
public class TestAction {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮触发事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        Button button = new Button("button");

        //因为,addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        WindowColse(frame);


    }
    //关闭方法
    public static void WindowColse(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }


}



class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("button");
    }
}

多个按钮共享一个事件

public class TestAction02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮 实现一个监听
        //开始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        frame.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        button1.setActionCommand("start");
        button2.setActionCommand("stop");


        frame.setVisible(true);
        new WindowClose(frame);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();

    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击:" + e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

5.输入框

输入文本框监听

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame() throws HeadlessException {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

       //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下回车触发监听
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');


        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        new WindowClose(this);

    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField textField = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得资源
        System.out.println(textField.getText());//获得输入的文本
        textField.setText("");
    }
}

6.简易计算器,组合+内部类

oop原则：组合，大于继承

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
        calculator.loadFrame();

    }
}

/**
 * 计算器类
 */
class Calculator extends Frame{
    /**
     * 属性
     */
    TextField textField1;
    TextField textField2;
    TextField textField3;

    /**
     * 方法
     */
    public void loadFrame() {
        //3个文本框
        //10为字符数
         textField1 = new TextField(10);
         textField2 = new TextField(10);
         textField3 = new TextField(10);
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener3(this));
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);

        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        new WindowClose(this);


    }
}
class MyActionListener3 implements ActionListener {

    /**
    *获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另一个类
    */
    Calculator calculator;


    public MyActionListener3(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int num1 =Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());
        int num2 =Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField2.getText());
        int num3;
        //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3 = num1 + num2;
        calculator.textField3.setText(""+num3);
        //3.清除前两个框
        calculator.textField1.setText("");
        calculator.textField2.setText("");
    }
}

改造为面向对象

• 内部类

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
        calculator.loadFrame();

    }
}

/**
 * 计算器类
 */
class Calculator extends Frame{
    /**
     * 属性
     */
    TextField textField1;
    TextField textField2;
    TextField textField3;

    /**
     * 方法
     */
    public void loadFrame() {
        //3个文本框
        //10为字符数
         textField1 = new TextField(10);
         textField2 = new TextField(10);
         textField3 = new TextField(10);
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener3());
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);

        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        new WindowClose(this);





    }

    /**
     * 监听器
     * 内部类可以畅通使用外部类的属性和方法
     */
   private class MyActionListener3 implements ActionListener {
        /**
         *获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另一个类
         */
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            int num1 =Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
            int num2 =Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());
            int num3;
            //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
            num3 = num1 + num2;
            textField3.setText(""+num3);
            //3.清除前两个框
            textField1.setText("");
            textField2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

7.画笔

public class TestPaint01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Mypaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class Mypaint extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        setVisible(true);
        new WindowClose(this);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，颜色
        g.setColor(Color.blue);
        g.drawRoundRect(100,100,100,100,0,0);
        g.setColor(Color.CYAN);
        g.drawOval(200,200,100,100);
        g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.fillOval(400,100,100,100);

        //画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
    }
}

8.鼠标监听

目的：实现鼠标画画!

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画画");
    }
}


class MyFrame extends Frame {
   //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList();
        //鼠标监听器，针对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
        setVisible(true);
        new WindowClose(this);
    }


    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画监听鼠标事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }

    }
    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPoint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }


    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //点击，在界面上产生一个点
            //这点就是鼠标的点
            frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //每次点此鼠标，需要重画一次
            repaint();

        }
    }
}

9.窗口监听

public class TestWindowListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.red);
        setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        addWindowListener(
            //匿名内部类
            new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowOpened");
                }

                @Override
                public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowclosed");
                }

                //激活窗口
                @Override
                public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowactived");
                }
                
                //关闭窗口
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowclosed");
                    System.exit(0);
                }
        });

    }

}

10.键盘监听

//键盘监听
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        setVisible(true);
        addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键,当前键盘的码
                //不需要记住keycode ,直接使用静态属性 VK_XX
               int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
               char keychar = e.getKeyChar();

               System.out.println("你按下了" + keychar + "对应数字为" + keycode);
            }
        });

        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

3.Swing

1.窗口、面板

在容器上的container

public class JFrameDemo01 {
    //init();初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(500,500,500,500);

        //设置文字 label
        JLabel jl = new JLabel("java");
        jf.add(jl);
        //容器
        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立窗口
        new JFrameDemo01().init();
    }
}

标签居中

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJFrame().init();
    }
}
class MyJFrame extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        //设置文字 label
        JLabel jl = new JLabel("java");
        add(jl);
        //让文本标签居中
        jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
    }
}

2.弹窗

JDialog,用来弹出事件，默认就有关闭

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放东西 ，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出对话框");
        button.setBounds(100,100,150,150);
        //点击按钮弹出弹窗
        container.add(button);
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialog();
            }
        });

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }

}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,100,100);

        Container container =this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("java"));


    }
}

3.标签

label

new Jlabel("");

图标 ICON

//ICON,需要实现类,Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int heigth;

    public IconDemo(){}

    public IconDemo(int width, int heigth){
        this.width = width;
        this.heigth = heigth;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上！
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,heigth);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.heigth;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }
}

图片ICON

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame{
    public ImageIconDemo(){
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("图片");
        //获取图片地址
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("5.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);

        jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

4.面板

JPanel

public class JpanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JpanelDemo(){
        Container contentPane =this.getContentPane();

        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数为面板间距

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        jPanel1.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel3.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel3.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));
        jPanel4.add(new Button("1"));

        contentPane.add(jPanel1);
        contentPane.add(jPanel2);
        contentPane.add(jPanel3);
        contentPane.add(jPanel4);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JpanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,40);
        jTextArea.setText("请输入文本!");

        //scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

5.按钮

• 图片按钮

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo(){

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();


        //图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("下载.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //图标放在按钮上
        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(icon);
        jButton.setText("半页");
        jButton.setToolTipText("点击按钮");


        contentPane.add(jButton);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

• 单选按钮

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo02(){

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();


        //图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("下载.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("单选框");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("单选框");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("单选框");

        //单选框只能选一个，要分组,一个组中只能选一个
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton3);

        contentPane.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

• 复选按钮

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo03(){

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));

        //图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("下载.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //多选框
        Checkbox checkbox1 = new Checkbox("checkbox1");
        Checkbox checkbox2 = new Checkbox("checkbox2");
        Checkbox checkbox3 = new Checkbox("checkbox3");
        contentPane.add(checkbox1);
        contentPane.add(checkbox2);
        contentPane.add(checkbox3);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

6.列表

• 下拉框

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();

        jComboBox.addItem(null);
        jComboBox.addItem("1");
        jComboBox.addItem("2");
        jComboBox.addItem("3");

        contentPane.add(jComboBox);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

• 列表框

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表内容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};

        Vector contents = new Vector();

        //列表中放入内容
        JList List = new JList(contents);

        contents.add("1");
        contents.add("2");
        contents.add("3");

        contentPane.add(List);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

• 应用场景

  • 选择地区，或一些单个选项
  • 列表展示信息，一般是动态扩容

7.文本框

• 文本框

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        contentPane.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

• 密码框

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //密码框
        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        contentPane.add(jPasswordField);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

• 文本域

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,40);
        jTextArea.setText("请输入文本!");

        //scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

贪吃蛇

帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画

键盘监听

定时器 Timmer

StartGame

/**
 * 游戏主启动类
 * @author 梁吴俊
 */
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame();
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jFrame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);

        //正常的游戏界面都在面板上
        jFrame.setResizable(false);
        jFrame.add(new GamePanel());
        jFrame.setVisible(true);

    }


}

Data

//数据中心
public class Data {
    //相对路径  tx.jpg
    //绝对路径  /相当于当前项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);

    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);

    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);

    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);

}

GamePanel

//游戏面板
//键盘监听器
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;
    //蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];
    //蛇的x坐标
    int[] snakeY = new int[600];
    //蛇的y坐标
    String fx ;

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    //成绩
    int source ;

    //游戏失败
    boolean isFile = false;

    //游戏当前的状态:开始，停止
    boolean isStart = false;//默认停止

    //定时器
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次

    /**
     * 构造器
     */
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点
        this.addKeyListener(this);
        timer.start();//游戏一开始定时器启动

    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;
        //脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;
        //第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;
        //第二个身体的坐标

        //初始方向向右
        fx = "R";

        //食物随机分布
        foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
        source = 0;

    }

    //绘制面板，游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
        //绘制静态面板
        //头部广告栏
        this.setBackground(Color.white);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);
        //默认的游戏界面
        g.fillRect(20,75,850,600);
        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
        //把小蛇画上去
        if (fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
            //脑袋初始化向右的坐标,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
            //脑袋向左的坐标,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
            //脑袋向上的坐标,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
            //脑袋向下的坐标,需要通过方向来判断
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
        }
        //画得分
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD,15));
        g.drawString("长度：" + length,800,30 );
        g.drawString("得分：" + source,800,50 );

        //游戏状态
        if (isStart == false){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",250,250);
        }
        //游戏结束判断
        if (isFile){
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("游戏结束,按下空格重新开始",250,250);
        }
    }



    /**
     * 键盘监听事件
     * @param e
     */
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
            if (isFile){
                isFile = false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart = !isStart;
                repaint();
            }

        }
        //小蛇移动
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx = "U";
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }


    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }

    //事件监听--需要通过固定事件来刷新，1s = 10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && isFile == false){
            //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来

            //判断是否吃到食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
                //长度加
                length += 1;
                //重新随机食物位置
                foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
                source++;//加分
            }
            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ;i--) {
                //判断失败，如果撞到自己就失败
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]){
                    isFile = true;
                }
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];

            }
            if (fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;

                //边界判断
                if (snakeX[0]>850){
                    snakeX[0] = 25;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("L")) {
                    snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
                    if (snakeX[0]<25){
                        snakeX[0] = 850;
                    }
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]-25;
                if (snakeY[0]<75){
                    snakeY[0] = 650;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]+25;
                if (snakeY[0] >650){
                    snakeY[0] = 75;
                }
            }


            repaint();//重画页面
        }

        timer.start();//定时器启动
    }
}